THEacid refluxcan be caused by several factors:
1. Esophageal sphincter dysfunction: A weakening of the muscle that closes the esophagus to the stomach allows acid to back up.
2. Diet: Certain foods like citrus fruits, chocolate, fatty foods, spices, and carbonated drinks can trigger acid reflux.
3. Obesity: Excess weight increases abdominal pressure, promoting reflux.
4. Smoking andalcohol: These substances can relax the esophageal sphincter and increase acid production.
5.Pregnancy: Hormonal changes and pressure from the baby on the stomach can cause reflux.
6. Medications: Certain medications (such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) can affect the esophageal sphincter.
7.Stress: Stress can worsen reflux symptoms by changing eating habits and affecting digestion.
8. Diseases and Disorders: Certain medical conditions, such as hiatal hernia, can also be underlying causes of acid reflux.